Taxon:  Allium fistulosum L.



Summary
Genus:
Allium
Subgenus:
Cepa
Section:
Cepa
Family:
Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily:
Allioideae
Tribe:
Allieae
Nomen number:
2276
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:301.  1753
Verified:
01/11/2007 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
86 (86  active, 51  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images


Conservation Status

Reference(s)
  1. PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
  2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
  3. APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
  4. Brewster, J. L. 1994. Onions and other vegetable alliums. Crop Prod. Sci. Hort. 3:12.
  5. Chuda, A. & A. Abrams. 2009. Aspects of interspecific hybridization within edible Alliaceae. Acta Physiol. Pl. 31:223-227.
  6. Craker, L. E. & J. E. Simon, eds. 1986-1987. Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, 2 vols.
  7. Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
  8. Esquivel, M. & K. Hammer. 1992. The cultivated species of the genus Allium in Cuba. In: Hanelt, P. et al., eds., The genus Allium - taxonomic problems and genetic resources. Proceedings of an international symposium held at Gatersleben, Germany, June 11-13, 1991 43-48.
  9. FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
  10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
  11. Friesen, N. et al. 1999. RAPDs and noncoding chloroplast DNA reveal a single origin of the cultivated Allium fistulosum from A. altaicum (Alliaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 86:554-562. Note: this study using choroplast DNA found evidence that this taxon derived from an Allium altaicum progenitor
  12. Friesen, N. et al. 2006. Phylogeny and new intrageneric classification of Allium (Alliaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences. Aliso 22:372-395.
  13. Fritsch, R. M. & N. Friesen. 2002. Chapter 1. Evolution, domestication and taxonomy. In: Rabinowitch, H. D. & L. Currah, eds., Allium crop science: recent advances 5-30.
  14. Gurushidze, M. et al. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships of wild and cultivated species of Allium section Cepa inferred by nuclear rDNA ITS sequence analysis. Pl. Syst. Evol. 269:259-269.
  15. Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6 4:2259-2260.
  16. International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
  17. Khrustaleva, L. I. & C. Kik. 1998. Cytogenetical studies in the bridge cross Allium cepa × (A. fistulosum × A. roylei). Theor. Appl. Genet. 96:8-14.
  18. Kik, C. 2002. Chapter 4. Exploitation of wild relatives for the breeding of cultivated Allium species. In: Rabinowitch, H. D. & L. Currah, eds., Allium crop science: recent advances 81-100.
  19. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
  20. Kunkel, G. 1984. Plants for human consumption
  21. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
  22. Mansfeld, R. 1959. Die Kulturpflanze, Beiheft 2.
  23. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
  24. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
  25. Messiaen, C.-M. et al. 1993. Les Allium alimentaires reproduits par voie végétative. In: , 1-230.
  26. Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:76
  27. Personal Care Products Council. INCI
  28. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  29. Rehm, S. & G. Espig. 1991. The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics
  30. Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
  31. Ricroch, A. et al. 2005. Evolution of genome size across some cultivated Allium species. Genome 48:511-520.
  32. Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 8:73-77.
  33. Stearn, W. T. 1944. Notes on the genus Allium in the Old World. Herbertia 11:11-34.
  34. Takhtajan, A. L., ed. 1954-1987. Flora Armenii.
  35. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
  36. Walker, E. 1976. Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu Islands.
  37. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Common names
LANGUAGENAMEALTERNATE NAMENOTESEQCITATION
English bunching onion 1 Gurushidze, M. et al. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships of wild and cultivated species of Allium section Cepa inferred by nuclear rDNA ITS sequence analysis. Pl. Syst. Evol. 269:259-269.
English Japanese bunching onion 1 Brewster, J. L. 1994. Onions and other vegetable alliums. Crop Prod. Sci. Hort. 3:12.
English Welsh onion 1 Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Chinese cong 葱 2 Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
French ail fistuleux 2 Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French ciboule 2 Craker, L. E. & J. E. Simon, eds. 1986-1987. Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, 2 vols.
German Schnittzwiebel 2 Craker, L. E. & J. E. Simon, eds. 1986-1987. Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, 2 vols.
German Winterzwiebel 2 Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Italian cipoletta 2 Craker, L. E. & J. E. Simon, eds. 1986-1987. Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, 2 vols.
Italian cipolla d'inverno 2 International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
Japanese Rōmaji negi 2 Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6 4:2259-2260.
Spanish cebolleta 2 Craker, L. E. & J. E. Simon, eds. 1986-1987. Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, 2 vols.
Swedish piplök 2 Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Transcribed Chinese cong 2 Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Transcribed Korean ba 2 Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:76
Transliterated Russian luk batun 2 Takhtajan, A. L., ed. 1954-1987. Flora Armenii.
Transliterated Russian luk dudčatyj 2 Takhtajan, A. L., ed. 1954-1987. Flora Armenii.
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
2CultivatedAfricaEast Tropical AfricaKenya  
2CultivatedAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaSudan  
2CultivatedAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaZambia  
2CultivatedAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaZimbabwe  
2CultivatedAfricaWest Tropical AfricaGhana  
2CultivatedAfricaWest Tropical AfricaSierra Leone  
2CultivatedAfricaWest-Central Tropical AfricaCameroon  
2CultivatedAfricaWest-Central Tropical AfricaCongo  
2CultivatedAfricaWest-Central Tropical AfricaDemocratic Republic of the Congo  
2CultivatedAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian Federation-CiscaucasiaCiscaucasia 
2CultivatedAsia-TemperateChinaChina  
2CultivatedAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaJapan  
2CultivatedAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaKorea  
2CultivatedAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaTaiwan  
2CultivatedAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian Federation-Eastern SiberiaEastern Siberia 
2CultivatedAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian Federation-Western SiberiaWestern Siberia 
2CultivatedAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaThailand  
2CultivatedAsia-TropicalMalesiaIndonesia  
2CultivatedAsia-TropicalMalesiaMalaysia  
2CultivatedAsia-TropicalMalesiaPhilippines  
2CultivatedEuropeEastern EuropeRussian Federation-European partEuropean part 
2CultivatedEuropeNorthern EuropeNorway  
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaSubarctic AmericaCanadaNorthwest Territories 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaSubarctic AmericaUnited StatesAlaska 
6Other    probable origin e. Asia
Cultivated
Africa
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Sudan
  • EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya
  • WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA: Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo
  • WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Ghana, Sierra Leone
  • SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Zambia, Zimbabwe
Asia-Temperate
  • CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia]
  • SIBERIA: Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia]
  • CHINA: China
  • EASTERN ASIA: Korea, Japan, Taiwan
Asia-Tropical
  • INDO-CHINA: Thailand
  • MALESIA: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines
Europe
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Norway
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part]
Naturalized
Northern America
  • SUBARCTIC AMERICA: Canada [Northwest Territories], United States [Alaska]
Other (probable origin e. Asia)
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Food additivesflavoring Craker, L. E. & J. E. Simon, eds. 1986-1987. Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, 2 vols.
Human foodvegetableleaves, pseudostemsBrewster, J. L. 1994. Onions and other vegetable alliums. Crop Prod. Sci. Hort. 3:12.
Medicinesfolklore Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 8:73-77.
Medicinesfolklore McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2024. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://grin-global.warwick.ac.uk/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=2276. Accessed 21 November 2024.