Taxon: Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.

Summary

Genus:

Brassica

Family:

Brassicaceae (alt. Cruciferae)

Tribe:

Brassiceae

Nomen number:

7654

Place of publication:

Consp. pl. charc. 8. 1859 Mar (E. Cosson, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 6:609. 1860 Jan)

Verified:

06/02/2000 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

84 (84 active, 76 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Brassica chenopodiifolia Sennen & Pau
Brassica timoriana (DC.) F. Muell.
Sinapis timoriana DC.

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Brassica besseriana Andrz.

No images

Conservation Status

Reference(s)

University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
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2021. UKVGB DB Note: Information take from the UKVGB database on transfer to GG 2021

Common names

LANGUAGE	NAME	ALTERNATE NAME	NOTE	SEQ	CITATION
English	brown mustard			1	PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
English	Chinese mustard			1	Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 8:104.
English	India mustard			1	1998. Federal Seed Act and Regulations, Agricultural and Vegetable Kind Lists, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch.
English	Indian mustard			1	Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
English	japanese greens			1	2021. UKVGB DB Note: Information take from the UKVGB database on transfer to GG 2021
English	large rooted mustard			1	2021. UKVGB DB Note: Information take from the UKVGB database on transfer to GG 2021
English	leaf mustard			1	PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
English	mustard			1	2021. UKVGB DB Note: Information take from the UKVGB database on transfer to GG 2021
English	mustard		applied to Brassica juncea s.l.	1	Qi, X.-H. et al. 2007. Molecular phylogeny of Chinese vegetable mustard (Brassica juncea) based on the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 54:1709-1716. DOI: 10.1007/s10722-006-9179-0. Note: discusses varieties "crassicaulis, megarhiza, multisecta, multiceps, rugosa, strumata, tumida and utilis"
English	mustard cabbage			1	2021. UKVGB DB Note: Information take from the UKVGB database on transfer to GG 2021
English	mustard rape			1	2021. UKVGB DB Note: Information take from the UKVGB database on transfer to GG 2021
English	Oriental mustard			1	1961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
English	vegetable mustard			1	Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 8:104.
Chinese	jie cai	芥菜		2	Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
English (Canada)	Indian mustard		Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada official name	2	Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 116.
French	moutarde brune			2	PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
French	moutarde de Chine			2	PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
French	moutarde de Sarepta			2	PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
French	moutarde frisée			2	PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
French	moutarde indienne			2	Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 8:104.
French (Canada)	moutarde d’Inde		Agriculture & Agroalimentaire Canada nom officiel	2	Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 116.
German	brauner Senf			2	Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 2:1253.
German	Ruten-Kohl			2	Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 2:1253.
German	Sarepta-Senf			2	Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 2:1253.
Indonesian	sawi			2	Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 8:104.
Indonesian	sesawi			2	Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 8:104.
Italian	senape indiana			2	International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
Japanese Rōmaji	karashi-na			2	Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993-. Flora of Japan.
Malay	kai choy			2	Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 8:104.
Malay	sawi pahit			2	Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 8:104.
Portuguese	mostarda-indiana			2	PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
Portuguese	mostarda-vermelha			2	PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
Spanish	mostaza india			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Swahili	haradali			2	PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
Swahili	mastadi			2	PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
Swedish	sareptasenap			2	Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Transcribed Chinese	jie cai			2	Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Transcribed Korean	gas			2	Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:85.

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note
2	Cultivated	Africa		Africa
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	China	China
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Japan
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Korea
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	India		n.
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Pakistan
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Sri Lanka
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Thailand
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Indonesia
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Malaysia
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Philippines
2	Cultivated	Europe		Europe		s.e. & n.
2	Cultivated	Northern America		North America
2	Cultivated	Southern America		South America
3	Adventive	Africa	Northern Africa	Tunisia
4	Naturalized	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Kenya
4	Naturalized	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Tanzania
4	Naturalized	Africa	Macaronesia	Spain	Canarias
4	Naturalized	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Angola
4	Naturalized	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Malawi
4	Naturalized	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Mozambique
4	Naturalized	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Zimbabwe
4	Naturalized	Africa	Southern Africa	Botswana
4	Naturalized	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa
4	Naturalized	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Democratic Republic of the Congo
4	Naturalized	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Mauritius
4	Naturalized	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Reunion
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	Yemen
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Azerbaijan
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Georgia
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	China	China
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Japan
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia	Eastern Siberia	s.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation-Western Siberia	Western Siberia	s.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Bhutan
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	India		n.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Sri Lanka
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Philippines
4	Naturalized	Australasia	Australia	Australia
4	Naturalized	Australasia	New Zealand	New Zealand
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Belarus
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Estonia
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Latvia
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Lithuania
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Russian Federation-European part	European part
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Ukraine		incl. Krym
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Austria
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Czech Republic
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Germany
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Hungary
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Switzerland
4	Naturalized	Europe	Northern Europe	Norway		s.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Northern Europe	Sweden		s.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Bulgaria
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Romania
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southwestern Europe	Spain		n.e.
4	Naturalized	Northern America		Canada
4	Naturalized	Northern America		Mexico
4	Naturalized	Northern America		United States
4	Naturalized	Pacific	North-Central Pacific	United States	Hawaii
4	Naturalized	Pacific	South-Central Pacific	French Polynesia
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Fiji
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	New Caledonia
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Niue
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Antigua and Barbuda
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Bahamas
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Barbados
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Cuba
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Dominica
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Grenada
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Guadeloupe
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Hispaniola
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Jamaica
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Martinique
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Netherlands Antilles
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	St. Kitts and Nevis
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	St. Lucia
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	St. Vincent and Grenadines
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Trinidad and Tobago	Trinidad
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	United States	Puerto Rico
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	United States	Virgin Islands, U.S.
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Virgin Islands (British)	Virgin Gorda
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Central America	Belize
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Central America	Guatemala
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Central America	Nicaragua
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Northern South America	French Guiana
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Southern South America	Argentina
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Southern South America	Paraguay	Alto Paraguay
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Western South America	Peru
5	Uncertain	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Kazakhstan
5	Uncertain	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Kyrgyzstan
5	Uncertain	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Tajikistan
5	Uncertain	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Turkmenistan
5	Uncertain	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Uzbekistan
5	Uncertain	Asia-Temperate	Mongolia	Mongolia

Cultivated
Africa

REGION: Africa

Asia-Temperate

CHINA: China
EASTERN ASIA: Korea, Japan

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India (n.), Sri Lanka, Pakistan
INDO-CHINA: Thailand
MALESIA: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines

Europe

REGION: Europe (s.e. & n.)

Northern America

REGION: North America

Southern America

REGION: South America

Adventive
Africa

NORTHERN AFRICA: Tunisia

Naturalized
Africa

MACARONESIA: Spain [Canarias]
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania
WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA: Democratic Republic of the Congo
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Angola, Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe
SOUTHERN AFRICA: Botswana, South Africa
WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Mauritius, Reunion

Asia-Temperate

ARABIAN PENINSULA: Yemen
CAUCASUS: Azerbaijan, Georgia
SIBERIA: Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia (s.)], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia (s.)]
CHINA: China
EASTERN ASIA: Japan

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Bhutan, India (n.), Sri Lanka
MALESIA: Philippines

Australasia

AUSTRALIA: Australia
NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand

Europe

NORTHERN EUROPE: Norway (s.), Sweden (s.)
MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary
EASTERN EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Bulgaria, Romania
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (n.e.)

Northern America

REGION: Canada, Mexico, United States

Pacific

NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]
SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: French Polynesia
SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Fiji, New Caledonia, Niue

Southern America

CARIBBEAN: Hispaniola, Netherlands Antilles, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Grenada, Jamaica, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, Martinique, Trinidad and Tobago [Trinidad], United States [Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, U.S.], St. Vincent and Grenadines, Virgin Islands (British) [Virgin Gorda]
CENTRAL AMERICA: Belize, Guatemala, Nicaragua
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: French Guiana
BRAZIL: Brazil
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Peru
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Paraguay [Alto Paraguay]

Uncertain
Asia-Temperate

MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
MONGOLIA: Mongolia

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Note	Reference
Environmental	pollution control	potential, as heavy metal hyperaccumulator	Anamika S., S. E. & M. H. Fulekar. 2009. Phytoremediation of cadmium, lead and zinc by Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss. J. Appl. Biosci. 13:726-736.
Environmental	potential for pollution control	as heavy metal hyperaccumulator	Anamika S., S. E. & M. H. Fulekar. 2009. Phytoremediation of cadmium, lead and zinc by Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss. J. Appl. Biosci. 13:726-736.
Human food	oil/fat		PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
Human food	seeds		PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
Human food	vegetable		PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
Medicines	folklore		National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical & Biological Products. 1987. Colour atlas of Chinese traditional drugs, Vol 1 Note: Science Press, Beijing
Vertebrate poisons	mammals		Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada.
Weed	potential seed contaminant		CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) Note: four books on weeds worldwide in scope

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://grin-global.warwick.ac.uk/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=7654. Accessed 17 February 2026.